Pure Vitamin C 24% Face Serum
Tracked ingredients
Key actives from our research database. Click any to read the full evidence dossier.
Evidence behind the ingredients
Real citations from our research database — one per tracked active in this product. Click any ingredient name to read its full evidence dossier.
Brightens dull skin and helps fade dark spots. Also defends against everyday UV and pollution damage when worn under sunscreen.
Pullar JM et al., The roles of vitamin C in skin health, Nutrients 2017;9(8):866 — concluded topical efficacy "poorly understood"; supports dietary vitamin C
MFDS Approved Functional Cosmetic Active — Ascorbic Acid and derivatives (whitening). Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cosmetic Functional Active Ingredient List — L-ascorbic acid and stabilized derivatives (Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate, Ethyl Ascorbic Acid, Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate) are approved whitening actives in the Korean Functional Cosmetics Codex; authorized concentrations documented in Jeon JS et al., International Journal of Cosmetic Science 2016;38(3):286-93 (PMID:26564311)
Lee WJ et al., Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate Regulates the Expression of Inflammatory Biomarkers in Cultured Sebocytes, Annals of Dermatology 2015;27(4):376-82 — stable vitamin C derivative MAP suppresses inflammatory biomarkers in sebocytes, supporting anti-acne use
Also called "cica," it calms redness, repairs the skin barrier, and speeds up healing. The go-to for irritated or reactive skin.
Su Z et al., The Effectiveness and Safety of a Skin Care Product With Centella asiatica Leaf Extract, Ceramide NP, and Panthenol in Subjects With Sensitive Skin: A Prospective, Observational Study, Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology 2025;24(7):e70324 — Sun Yat-Sen U 4-week study; cream provided rapid relief of facial redness and supported barrier function
Cho SY et al., Comparative analysis of bioactive compounds and the anti-inflammatory and wound-healing properties of Centella asiatica, Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry 2025;68:30 — Jeju-grown C. asiatica matched/exceeded imported sources for asiaticoside content; in RAW264.7 + HaCaT models inhibited iNOS/COX-2/IL-1β/IL-6 and accelerated HaCaT wound closure
Wang L et al., A two-center randomized controlled trial of a repairing mask as an adjunctive treatment for mild to moderate rosacea, Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology 2024;23(10):3281-3286 — Centella asiatica repairing mask adjunct to minocycline improved IGA, repaired barrier, reduced rosacea symptoms (n=64)
The protein your skin loses with age, broken down small enough to absorb. Multiple meta-analyses of RCTs show measurable wins in wrinkles, elasticity, and hydration after ~12 weeks. Most evidence is oral, but topical helps surface hydration too.
Pu SY et al., Effects of Oral Collagen for Skin Anti-Aging: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, Nutrients 2023;15(9):2080 — 26 RCTs / 1,721 patients: hydrolyzed collagen significantly improved skin hydration and elasticity vs placebo across multiple collagen sources
de Miranda RB, Weimer P, Rossi RC, Effects of hydrolyzed collagen supplementation on skin aging: a systematic review and meta-analysis, International Journal of Dermatology 2021 — 19 RCTs / 1,125 participants: 90-day oral hydrolyzed collagen significantly reduced wrinkles and improved skin elasticity and hydration vs placebo
Evans M et al., A randomized triple-blind placebo-controlled parallel study to evaluate the efficacy of a freshwater marine collagen on skin wrinkles and elasticity, Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology 2021;20(3):825-834 — 12-week RCT: ~35% reduction in wrinkle scores and improved elasticity vs placebo
+−2 more ingredients
Signals your skin to make more collagen. Quiet but real support for firmness and fine lines with consistent daily use.
Yang Y et al., Comprehensive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of a new multi-component anti-aging topical eye cream, Skin Research and Technology 2024;30(7):e13790 — 12-week study of active complex containing Matrixyl 3000 peptides showed significant improvement in hydration, elasticity, periorbital wrinkles
Lintner K, Gerstein F, Solish N, A serum containing vitamins C and E and a matrix-repair tripeptide reduces facial signs of aging as evidenced by Primos analysis, Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology 2020;19(12):3262-3269 — matrix-repair tripeptide serum: 8-9% roughness reduction, 9% redness reduction by Primos imaging
MFDS Notified Functional Cosmetic Active — Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-4 / Matrixyl (anti-wrinkle, adjunct claim). Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cosmetic Functional Active Ingredient List. NOTE: this codex listing should be re-verified — official MFDS anti-wrinkle codex traditionally lists Retinol/Retinyl Palmitate/Polyethoxylated Retinamide/Adenosine; Matrixyl inclusion needs independent confirmation.
A workhorse hydrator that pulls water into your skin. In nearly every good moisturizer for a reason.
Danby SG et al., Different types of emollient cream exhibit diverse physiological effects on the skin barrier in adults with atopic dermatitis, Clinical and Experimental Dermatology 2022;47(6):1154-1164 — glycerol+urea emollient delivered superior barrier-strengthening and irritant protection
Evans NJ et al., Human axillary skin condition is improved following incorporation of glycerol into the stratum corneum from an antiperspirant formulation, Archives of Dermatological Research 2017;309(9):739-748 — 4% glycerol penetrated axillary SC, reduced irritation, improved hydration
Fluhr JW et al., Glycerol and the skin: holistic approach to its origin and functions, British Journal of Dermatology 2008;159(1):23-34 — improves xerosis and barrier function
Sources: PubMed · KCI · J-Stage · CNKI · Wanfang · SFD · MFDS · Cochrane · SCCS · CIR. Every entry points to a specific document. See methodology for what each outcome label means.
Layering conflicts
Ingredients in this product that can react with common actives. Avoid stacking unless noted.
- Benzoyl Peroxidemedium
Benzoyl peroxide breaks down vitamin C, making both less effective. Use one in the morning and the other at night.
- Retinollow
Vitamin C and retinol work best at different pH levels. Use vitamin C in the morning and retinol at night.
- Niacinamidelow
Sensitive skin may flush.
Similar comparisons
Not medical advice. GlowPal is educational. Patch-test new products and talk to a qualified healthcare professional before changing your routine, especially if you're pregnant, nursing, or have a diagnosed skin condition. See our terms.